The Nile River, Africa’s longest and most storied waterway, is more than just a historical marvel—it’s also a world-class fishing destination. Stretching across multiple countries, the Nile offers a wide variety of freshwater species, dramatic landscapes, and thrilling angling experiences. Nowhere is this more evident than in Uganda, particularly around Murchison Falls National Park, where fishing on the Nile combines adrenaline, tranquility, and the chance to hook some truly legendary catches.
Murchison Falls: Uganda’s Fishing Hotspot
The stretch of the Nile that flows through Murchison Falls National Park is considered the best fishing spot in Uganda—and arguably the entire Nile system. The park is famous for the thunderous Murchison Falls, where the Nile squeezes through a narrow gorge and plunges into a deep pool below. It’s in these oxygen-rich, fast-moving waters that some of the river’s largest and most sought-after fish reside.
Fishing here is done both from the riverbanks and by boat, usually below the falls where the big fish feed in the churned-up waters. The experience is not just about the catch—it’s about casting your line with the roar of the falls behind you, hippos wallowing nearby, and elephants grazing on the distant banks. It’s a true wilderness setting that few fishing locations in the world can rival.
Top Species to Catch
The Nile perch is the undisputed king of the Nile’s fishing scene. These freshwater giants can weigh over 100 kilograms (220 pounds) and are highly prized for their size, strength, and fighting spirit. Hooking a Nile perch is a true test of patience, skill, and stamina—making it a dream catch for any serious angler.
Another popular catch is the tiger fish, known for its speed, aggression, and sharp teeth. While they’re typically smaller than Nile perch, tiger fish put up a fierce fight and are an exciting challenge for light tackle enthusiasts. Other species include catfish (some weighing over 50 kilograms), tilapia, and lungfish, offering a rich and varied fishing experience.
Best Times for Fishing
Fishing on the Nile is productive year-round, but the best months are during the dry seasons: December to March and June to October. During these periods, water levels are lower and more stable, improving visibility and accessibility for anglers. Early morning and late afternoon are typically the most fruitful times of day, when fish are actively feeding.
Permits, Guides, and Equipment
To fish in Murchison Falls National Park, you’ll need a fishing permit issued by the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA). It’s best to arrange this in advance, either directly or through a tour operator. Fishing safaris can be booked with expert guides who know the river’s best spots, provide high-quality gear, and ensure safety around the wildlife-rich waters.
While experienced anglers may bring their own equipment, most outfitters provide rod-and-reel setups, bait, and tackle suited for targeting large species like Nile perch. Catch-and-release is encouraged, particularly for larger fish, to support conservation efforts and sustainable tourism.
Other Great Fishing Spots on the Nile
Outside Murchison Falls, Jinja—where the Nile begins its journey from Lake Victoria—is another notable fishing destination. While less wild than Murchison, it offers accessible fishing spots, guided day trips, and the chance to combine fishing with white-water rafting, kayaking, or cultural tours.
Karuma Falls, located further upstream from Murchison, also provides excellent fishing opportunities in a more off-the-beaten-path setting. Though less frequented by tourists, it’s known among local anglers for healthy populations of Nile perch and catfish.